英文There are various types of storage batteries. Currently, wind power generation generally uses charged lead-acid batteries. After filling this type of battery with liquid, it can be used after 30 minutes when the liquid temperature reaches 15°C, without the need for initial charging. This is very advantageous for remote areas where wind turbines have just been installed and there are no conditions for initial charging, allowing immediate access to electricity. The disadvantage of this battery is its large volume and weight, making it inconvenient to transport. Most of the lead-acid batteries sold in the market are starter batteries for motor vehicles. Their plate structure and manufacturing characteristics make them unsuitable for use under the charging and discharging conditions of wind power generation, with a short service life, generally only about 2 to 3 years. In wind power stations with larger capacities, fixed-type anti-acid and explosion-proof lead-acid batteries are used. These batteries have large capacity, low electrolyte specific gravity (about 1.21 at 15°C), which reduces corrosion to plates and separators, can prolong the evaporation time, and have anti-leakage measures to reduce ground discharge. Alkaline batteries are small in size, light in weight, and have a service life of about 15 years. They are also used in small quantities in our region. Although the service life of alkaline batteries is 5-7 times longer than that of acid batteries, their price is more than 10 times higher than that of acid batteries. From an economic perspective, we believe that using charged lead-acid batteries is more beneficial in small-scale wind power generation. Three operation modes of storage batteries: 1. Full charge and full discharge system. That is, wind turbines are installed centrally for centralized charging, and batteries are distributed to each household. Each household uses two batteries alternately. Wind power generation is restricted by wind, especially for small wind turbines. This mode is suitable for rural areas and pastures where the wind in the village is weak, wind turbines must be installed outside the village, and it is difficult to erect power lines. Wind turbines can be erected in locations with better wind energy to make full use of wind energy. The alternate use of batteries can ensure full charging and full discharging. The disadvantages are: ① More batteries are needed, increasing investment and electricity cost. ② The battery usage efficiency is low (about 40%). ③ The frequent charging and discharging alternation of batteries leads to a shorter service life. ④ Users are troubled by frequent transportation of batteries, and the batteries are easy to be damaged; if not handled carefully, the electrolyte is easy to leak, which may cause the battery to lack liquid or burn clothes. 2. Semi-float charging operation mode. It is a working mode where the wind turbine (DC power generation) and the battery supply power in parallel. When there is no power consumption (during the day), the wind turbine generates electricity to charge the battery; when there is no wind, the battery supplies power to the load; when there is wind, the wind turbine generates electricity to float charge the battery and supply power. This mode is mostly used for 1-3 households with a single machine, requiring fewer batteries, and the investment is correspondingly reduced. The service life of batteries using the semi-float charging system is generally longer than that of the full charge and full discharge system, and the battery usage efficiency is about 50%. 3. Full float charging system. The batteries are centrally installed in the charging room, and the battery pack is connected in parallel with the wind turbine on the load circuit, so that the batteries are in a state of small current charging for a long time. When the wind turbine supplies power to the load, the voltage fluctuation caused by wind speed fluctuation is stabilized by the battery pack, ensuring normal power supply. The service life of batteries in this operation mode is longer than that of the above two modes, and the required battery capacity is greatly reduced, the electrical energy efficiency is improved, the battery maintenance is simplified, and the efficiency of the entire power supply equipment can reach 60-70%. The Hanwula Wind Power Station in Chayouhouqi works in this way.
